Due to the annual increase in steel output, the variety of steel products tends to be more diversified. Various new building materials, such as light-weight thermal insulation wall panels, color steel sandwich panels, color-coated profiled steel plates, and floor decks, have been continuously developed and promoted. There is more space for the choice of materials in the design stage for architectural steel structures. The selection of materials is different, the direct cost of sandwich panel building is different, and the total cost is different. Reasonable selection of building materials in the design stage and control of material unit price or project volume are effective ways to control project cost.
When designing the floor slab of the roof of multi-story and high-rise steel structure buildings, according to the role in the roof structure system, the floor slab can adopt two forms, namely:
The floor deck is only used as a permanent formwork, and generally ordinary galvanized profiled steel can be used. The requirements for the minimum amount of galvanizing and fire resistance time are relatively low, and the price is relatively cheap.
It is used as a formwork during construction, and replaces tensile steel bars in the use stage, that is, composite floor slabs. Since the floor deck is considered as a tension bar in the design, its service life must be consistent with the service life of the main steel structure. Therefore, the requirements for the minimum galvanizing amount and refractory time are relatively high, and the unilateral price is relatively high.
Steel specifications and materials: Due to the increase in steel varieties, there are more optional component forms in structural design. For example, frame columns can be in the form of hot-rolled H-shaped steel, welded H-shaped steel, spiral welded round steel pipe, welded square steel pipe, and combined sections. Steel beams can be in the form of constant cross-section and variable cross-section. The material can be Q235 plain carbon steel or Q345 low alloy steel.
When designing sandwich panel building, materials of high strength grades should be used as much as possible. For example, the use of Q345 steel can save 15%-25% of steel than Q235 steel, and the saving ratio for tension or bending members is relatively large. Economical cross-section profiles should be selected during design, such as hot-rolled H-shaped steel, T-shaped steel, etc. In some cases, the use of hot-rolled H-shaped steel columns and beams may use slightly more steel than the use of welded H-shaped steel, but considering comprehensive considerations such as processing costs and construction progress, its cost may be more advantageous.
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